Which radiological health issue is commonly linked to prolonged radon exposure?

Prolonged radon exposure is most commonly linked to lung cancer due to the way radon gas behaves in enclosed spaces, particularly homes and buildings. When radon gas is inhaled, radioactive particles can become embedded in the lungs. These particles emit radiation that can damage lung tissue and lead to mutations in the cells. Over time, this damage can result in the development of lung cancer, making it a significant health concern, especially for individuals who are exposed to high levels of radon over long periods.

Research has shown that radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking, emphasizing the importance of measuring and mitigating radon levels in residential and occupational settings. The association between radon and lung cancer is supported by various epidemiological studies, which have quantified risks and established guidelines for permissible radon levels.

While prolonged exposure to radon is not associated with skin cancer, leukemia, or thyroid cancer, it is critical to monitor radon levels in living and working environments to prevent lung cancer and safeguard public health.